Cortical acetylcholine release is increased and γ-aminobutyric acid outflow is reduced during morphine withdrawal
T. Antonelli
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
L. Beani
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorC. Bianchi
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorS. Rando
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorM. Simonato
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorS. Tanganelli
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorT. Antonelli
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
L. Beani
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorC. Bianchi
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorS. Rando
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorM. Simonato
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorS. Tanganelli
Department of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 23, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
- 1
The effects of naloxone on acetylcholine (ACh) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) outflow from the cerebral cortex of freely moving, morphine-dependent guinea-pigs was studied.
- 2
The cortical efflux of ACh in chronically-treated guinea-pigs was about half of that of normal animals. GABA efflux was unaffected.
- 3
During opioid withdrawal precipitated by naloxone (0.1–10 mg kg−1, i.p.) the guinea-pigs showed jumping, hyperactivity and wet dog shakes, the intensity of which was directly related to the dose of naloxone. The withdrawal syndrome was accompanied by a dose-dependent increase in ACh release and reduction in GABA outflow; ACh release was increased by naloxone at doses lower (0.1–3 mg kg−1) than those acting on GABA efflux (1–10 mg kg−1). Atropine (10 mg kg−1) and diazepam (5 mg kg−1) did not prevent GABA and ACh changes.
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